MORPHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION - IN THE LIGHT OF THE CURRENT CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) can be a challenge, especially in the absence of acute coronary occlusion. Accurate histopathological identification and timing of myocardial infarction in humans are of particular importance, especially for clinical practice or for legal medicine. The post-mortem diagnosis requires not only up-to-date knowledge of coronary and myocardial ischemic pathology, but also a correct interpretation of these features in relation to the clinical scenario of the disease. For these reasons, it is important for pathologists to know the different clinical types of MI and to differentiate myocardial infarction from other forms of myocardial injury.
References
2. Knuuti J, Wijns W, Saraste A, et al. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 2019; pii: ehz425.
3. Van den Tweel JG, Wittekind C, et al. The medical autopsy as quality assurance tool in clinical medi-cine: dreams and realities. Virchows Arch 2016; 468(1): 75-81.
4. Rutty GN, Morgan B, Robinson C, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of post-mortem CT with targeted coro-nary angiography versus autopsy for coroner-requested post-mortem investigations: a prospective, masked, comparison study. Lancet 2017; 390: 145-154.
5. Wagensveld IM, Blokker BM, Pezzato A, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of postmortem computed tomog-raphy, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography-guided biopsies for the detection of ischaemic heart disease in a hospital setting. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 19(7): 739-748.
6. Olivier CB, Undaram V, Bhatt DL, et al. Definitions of peri-procedural myocardial infarction and the association with one-year mortality: Insights from CHAMPION trials. Int J Cardiol 2018; 270(1): 96-101.
7. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2018; 40(3): 237-269.
8. Sabatasso S, Moretti M, Mangin P, Fracasso T. Early markers of myocardial ischemia: from the experimental model to forensic pathology cases of sudden cardiac death. Int J Legal Med 2018; 132(1): 197-203.
9. Basso C, Aguilera B, Banner J, et al. Guidelines for autopsy investigation of sudden cardiac death: update from the Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology. Virchows Arch 2017; 471(6): 691-705.
10. Badimon L and Vilahur G. Coronary Atherothrombotic Disease: Progress in Antiplatelet Therapy. Rev Esp Cardiol 2008; 61(5): 501-513.
11. Arbab-Zadeh A, Nakano M, Virmani R and Fuster V. Acute Coronary Events. Circulation 2012; 125(9): 1147-1156.
12. Basso C and Thiene G. The pathophysiology of myocardial reperfusion: a pathologist's perspective. Heart 2006; 92(11): 1559-1562.
13. Bello D, Fieno DS, Kim RJ, et al. Infarct morphology identifies patients with substrate for sustained ventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45(7): 1104-1108.
14. Kumar V, Abbas A, Fausto N, Aster J. Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease, 9th edition. Elsevier 2014.
15. Lu ML, De Venecia T, Patnaik S, Figueredo VM. Atrial myocardial infarction: a tale of the forgotten chamber. Int J Cardiol 2016; 202: 904-909.
16. Butcovan D, Baran D, Lupuşoru RV, et al. The Interplay between Cardiomyocytes and Non-cardiomyocytes In Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation. Rev Chim 2016; 10: 2012-2014.
17. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Chaitman BR, White HD. Clarifying the proper definitions for type 2 myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 71(11): 1291.
18. Slavich M, Patel RS. Coronary artery spasm: current knowledge and residual uncertainties. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2016; 10: 47-53.
19. Herrmann J, Kaski JC, Lerman A. Coronary microvascular dysfunction in the clinical setting: from mystery to reality. Eur Heart J 2012; 33(22): 2771-2782.
20. Jangaard N, Sarkisian L, Saaby L, et al. Incidence, frequency, and clinical characteristics of type 3 myocardial infarction in clinical practice. Am J Med 2017; 130(7): 862-869.
21. Rencuzogullari I, Karabag Y, Cagdas M, et al. Assessment of the relationship between preprocedural C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and stent restenosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Rev Port Cardiol 2019; 38(4): 279-280.
22. Hashmi S, Al-SalamS. Acute myocardial infarction and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: a comparison. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8(8): 8786-8796.
23. Fineschi V, Baroldi G and Silver MD. Pathology of the Heart and Sudden Death in Forensic Medicine. Taylor & Francis Group Ed: CRC Press; 2016.
24. Stone JR, Basso C, Baandrup UT, et al. Recommendations for processing cardiovascular surgical pathology specimens. Cardiovasc Pathol 2012; 21(1): 2-16.
COPYRIGHT
Once an article is accepted for publication, MSJ requests a transfer of copyrights for published articles.
COPYRIGHT TRANSFER FORM FOR
REVISTA MEDICO-CHIRURGICALĂ A SOCIETĂȚII DE MEDICI ȘI NATURALIȘTI DIN IAȘI /
THE MEDICAL-SURGICAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF PHYSICIANS AND NATURALISTS FROM IASI
We, the undersigned authors of the manuscript entitled
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
warrant that this manuscript, which is submitted for publication in the REVISTA MEDICO-CHIRURGICALĂ, has not been published and it is not under consideration for publication in another journal.
- we give the consent for publication in the REVISTA MEDICO-CHIRURGICALĂ, in printed and electronic format and we transfer unconditioned and complete the copyright of this manuscript to the REVISTA MEDICO-CHIRURGICALĂ, in the event of its acceptance.
- the manuscript does not break the intellectual property rights of any other person.
- we have read the submitted version of the manuscript and we are fully responsible for the content.
Names and signatures of authors / copyright owners (the following sequence is the authorship of the article):
- ______________________________/_________________________
- ______________________________/_________________________
- ______________________________/_________________________
N.B. All the authors must sign this form