FACTORS INFLUENCING DIETARY HABITS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS AND DOCTORS. A THEORETICAL APPROACH
Abstract
Dietary habits are strong related to physical and psychological health. During academic years, students are more prone to experience unhealthy food and to develop unhealthy and risky behaviors like smoking, eating fast food, skipping meals, unbalance nutritional dinners, skipping lunches and breakfasts and eating disorders due to stress. Later in their life as doctors, these dietary habits are more and more influenced by professional life, job-related factors like swifts, long working hours with great impact on health. The paper presents risk factors related to dietary habits among medical students and doctors, and their consequences on physical and psychological health.
References
REFERENCES
1. ***World Health Organization. Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19-22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948.
2. Borgan SM, Jassim GA, Marhoon ZA, Ibrahim MH. The lifestyle habits and wellbeing of physicians in Bahrain: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2015; 15(1); 655.
3. Mahoney CR, Taylor HA, Kanarek RB, Samuel P. Effect of breakfast composition on cognitive processes in elementary school children. Physiology & Behavior 2005; 85(5): 635-645.
4. ***American Dietetic Association. Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and athletic performance. J. Am. Diet Assoc. 2000; 12: 1543-1556.
5. Ottley C. Food and Mood. Nurs Stand 2000; 15(2): 46-52.
6. Williamson AM, Feyer AM. Moderate sleep deprivation produces impairments in cognitive and motor performance equivalent to legally prescribed levels of alcohol intoxication. Occupational and environmental medicine 2000; 57(10): 649-655.
7. Winston J, Johnson C, Wilson S. Barriers to healthy eating by National Health Service (NHS) hospital doctors in the hospital setting: results of a cross-sectional survey. BMC research notes 2008; 1(1): 69.
8. Steptoe A, Wardle J, Cui W, Bellisle F, Zotti AM, Baranyai R, Sanderman R. Trends in smoking, diet, physical exercise, and attitudes toward health in European Universities students from 13 countries, 1990-2000. Prev Med 2002; 35: 97-104.
9. Von Bothmer MI, Fridlund B. Gender differences in health habits and in motivation for a healthy lifestyle among Swedish University students. Nurs. Health Sci 2005; 7: 107-118.
10. Terebessy A, et al. Medical students’ health behaviour and self-reported mental health status by their country of origin: a cross-sectional study. BMC psychiatry 2016; 16(1): 171.
11. Tanton, J, Dodd LJ, Woodfield L, Mabhala M. Eating behaviors of British university students: A cluster analysis on a neglected issue. Advances in preventive medicine, 2015.
12. Ganasegeran K, Al-Dubai SA, Qureshi AM, Al-Abed AAA, Rizal AM, Aljunid SM. Social and psy-chological factors affecting eating habits among university students in a Malaysian medical school: a cross-sectional study. Nutrition Journal 2012; 11(1): 48.
13. Butler SM, Black DR, Blue CL, Gretebeck RJ: Change in diet, physical activity, and body weight in female college freshman. Am J Health Behav 2004; 28 (1): 24-32.
14. Savige G, Macfarlane A, Ball K, Worsley A, Crawford D. Snacking behaviors of adolescents and their association with skipping meals. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2007; 4: 36
15. Steptoe A, Wardle J. Health behavior, risk awareness and emotional well-being in students from Eastern Europe and Western Europe. Social Science & Medicine 2001; 53: 1621-1630.
16. ***US Department of Health and Human Services, 2000. Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health, 2nd edition. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
17. Voigt K, et al. Consumption of alcohol, cigarettes and illegal substances among physicians and medical students in Brandenburg and Saxony. BMC health services research, 2009; 9(1): 219.
18. Rustagi N, Taneja DK, Mishra P, Ingle GK. Cardiovascular risk behavior among students of a medical college in Delhi. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine 2011; 36(1): 51.
19. Likus W, et al. Dietary habits and physical activity in students from the Medical University of Silesia in Poland. Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny 2013; 64(4): 317-324.
20. Sun J, et al. Factors associated with skipping breakfast among Inner Mongolia Medical students in China. BMC Public Health 2013; 13(1): 42.
21. Nola IA, et al. Differences in eating and lifestyle habits between first-and sixth-year medical students from Zagreb. Collegium antropologicum 2010; 34(4): 1289-1294.
22. Mani, G. Assessment of Body Mass Index and its Associated Nutritional Factors Among Undergrad-uate Medical Students in Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Pioneering Medical Sciences 2014; 4(3).
23. Steptoe A, Wardle J, Pollard TM, Canaan L, Davies GJ. Stress, social support and health-related behavior: a study of smoking, alcohol consumption and physical exercise. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 1996; 41(2): 171-180.
24. Hussain R, Guppy M, Robertson S, Temple E. Physical and mental health perspectives of first year undergraduate rural university students. BMC Public Health 2013; 13(1): 848.
25. Iorga M, et al. Factors influencing the level of depression among freshman nursing students. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2017; 121(4): 779-786.
26. Midtgaard M, Ekeberg Ø, Vaglum P, Tyssen R. Mental health treatment needs for medical students: a national longitudinal study. European Psychiatry 2008; 23(7): 505-511.
27. Yu Z, Tan M. Disordered eating behaviors and food addiction among nutrition major college students. Nutrients 2016; 8(11): 673.
28. Iorga M, et al. Eating disorders in relationship with dietary habits among pharmacy students in Ro-mania. Pharmacy 2018; 6(3): 97.
29. Iorga M, et al Screening the risk for eating disorders among medical dentistry students-a cross-sectional study. Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2019; 11(1): 102-110.
30. Haile YG, Alemu SM, Habtewold TD. Insomnia and its temporal association with academic performance among university students: a cross-sectional study. BioMed Research International, 2017; Article ID 2542367.
31. Veldi M, Aluoja A, Vasar V. Sleep quality and more common sleep-related problems in medical students. Sleep medicine 2005; 6(3): 269-275.
32. Adams KM, Kohlmeier M, Powell M, Zeisel SH. Nutrition in medicine: nutrition education for medical students and residents. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2010; 25(5): 471-480.
33. Danek RL, Berlin KL, Waite GN, Geib RW. Perceptions of nutrition education in the current medical school curriculum. Fam Med 2017; 49(10): 803-806.
34. Kushner RF, et al. Nutrition education in medical school: a time of opportunity. The American journal of clinical nutrition 2014; 99(5): 1167S-1173S.
35. Wiskar K. Physician health: A review of lifestyle behaviors and preventive health care among physi-cians. BC Med J 2012; 54(8): 419-423.
36. Frank E, Segura C, Shen H, et al. Predictors of Canadian physicians’ prevention counseling practices. Can J Pub Health 2010; 101: 390-395.
37. Frank E, Segura, C. Health practices of Canadian physicians. Can Fam Physician 2009; 55: 810-811.
38. Frank E, et al. Basic demographics, health practices, and health status of U.S. medical students. Am J Prev Med 2006; 31: 499-505.
39. Sebo P, Gallacchi MB, Goehring C, Künzi B, Bovier PA. Use of tobacco and alcohol by Swiss primary care physicians: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2007; 7(1): 5.
40. Hughes PH, et al. Prevalence of substance use among US physicians. Jama 1992; 267(17): 2333-2339.
41. Aach RD, Girard DE, Humphrey H, et al. Alcohol and other substance abuse and impairment among physicians in residency training. Annals of Internal Medicine 1992; 116(3): 245-254.
42. Fuchs CS, et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality among women. New England Journal of Medicine 1995; 332(19): 1245-1250.
43. Howard SK. Sleep deprivation and physician performance: Why should I care ? In Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings 2005; 18(2): 108-112.
44. Philibert I. Sleep loss and performance in residents and nonphysicians: A meta-analytic examination. Sleep 2005; 28: 1392-1402.
45. Nelson D. Prevention and treatment of sleep deprivation among emergency physicians. Ped Emerg Care 2007; 23: 498-503.
46. Minors DS, Waterhouse JM. Anchor sleep as a synchronizer of rhythms on abnormal routines. Int J Chronobiol 1981; 7: 165-188.
47. Thompson WT, et al. Challenge of culture, conscience, and contract to general practitioners’ care of their own health: Qualitative study. BMJ 2001; 323: 728-731.
48. Uallachain GN. Attitudes towards self-health care: A survey of GP trainees. Ir Med J 2007; 100: 489-491.
49. Chen JY, et al. Doctors’ personal health care choices: A cross-sectional survey in a mixed pub-lic/private setting. BMC Public Health 2008; 8: 183.
50. Rosvold EO, Tyssen R. Should physicians’ self-prescribing be restricted by law ? Lancet 2005; 365(9468): 1372-1374.
51. West CP, Shanafelt TD, Kolars JC. Quality of life, burnout, educational debt, and medical knowledge among internal medicine residents, JAMA 2011; 306: 952-960.
52. Dyrbye LN, et al. Relationship between burnout and professional conduct and attitudes among US medical students. JAMA 2010; 304: 1173-1180.
53. Dyrbye LN, et al. Burnout and suicidal ideation among U.S. medical students. Ann Intern Med 2008; 149: 334-341.
54. Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP. Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual. Calif Consulting Psycholo-gists Press 3rd edition Palo Alto, 1996.
55. Alexandrova-Karamanova A, et al. Burnout and health behaviors in health professionals from seven European countries. International archives of occupational and environmental health 2016; 89(7): 1059-1075.
56. Demir A, Ulusoy M, Ulusoy MF. Investigation of factors influencing burnout levels in the professional and private lives of nurses. International journal of nursing studies 2003; 40(8): 807-827.
57. Iorga M, et al. Factors influencing burnout syndrome in obstetrics and gynecology physicians. BioMed Res Internat, 2017: ID 9318534.
58. Iorga M, Dondas C, Ioan BG, Petrariu FD. The contribution of alexithymia to burnout in forensic physicians. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2016; 120(4): 900-908.
59. Iorga M, Soponaru C, Ioan B. The burnout syndrome of forensic pathologists. The influences of personality traits, job satisfaction and environmental factors. Rom J Leg Med. 2016; 24(4): 325-332.
1. ***World Health Organization. Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19-22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948.
2. Borgan SM, Jassim GA, Marhoon ZA, Ibrahim MH. The lifestyle habits and wellbeing of physicians in Bahrain: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2015; 15(1); 655.
3. Mahoney CR, Taylor HA, Kanarek RB, Samuel P. Effect of breakfast composition on cognitive processes in elementary school children. Physiology & Behavior 2005; 85(5): 635-645.
4. ***American Dietetic Association. Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and athletic performance. J. Am. Diet Assoc. 2000; 12: 1543-1556.
5. Ottley C. Food and Mood. Nurs Stand 2000; 15(2): 46-52.
6. Williamson AM, Feyer AM. Moderate sleep deprivation produces impairments in cognitive and motor performance equivalent to legally prescribed levels of alcohol intoxication. Occupational and environmental medicine 2000; 57(10): 649-655.
7. Winston J, Johnson C, Wilson S. Barriers to healthy eating by National Health Service (NHS) hospital doctors in the hospital setting: results of a cross-sectional survey. BMC research notes 2008; 1(1): 69.
8. Steptoe A, Wardle J, Cui W, Bellisle F, Zotti AM, Baranyai R, Sanderman R. Trends in smoking, diet, physical exercise, and attitudes toward health in European Universities students from 13 countries, 1990-2000. Prev Med 2002; 35: 97-104.
9. Von Bothmer MI, Fridlund B. Gender differences in health habits and in motivation for a healthy lifestyle among Swedish University students. Nurs. Health Sci 2005; 7: 107-118.
10. Terebessy A, et al. Medical students’ health behaviour and self-reported mental health status by their country of origin: a cross-sectional study. BMC psychiatry 2016; 16(1): 171.
11. Tanton, J, Dodd LJ, Woodfield L, Mabhala M. Eating behaviors of British university students: A cluster analysis on a neglected issue. Advances in preventive medicine, 2015.
12. Ganasegeran K, Al-Dubai SA, Qureshi AM, Al-Abed AAA, Rizal AM, Aljunid SM. Social and psy-chological factors affecting eating habits among university students in a Malaysian medical school: a cross-sectional study. Nutrition Journal 2012; 11(1): 48.
13. Butler SM, Black DR, Blue CL, Gretebeck RJ: Change in diet, physical activity, and body weight in female college freshman. Am J Health Behav 2004; 28 (1): 24-32.
14. Savige G, Macfarlane A, Ball K, Worsley A, Crawford D. Snacking behaviors of adolescents and their association with skipping meals. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2007; 4: 36
15. Steptoe A, Wardle J. Health behavior, risk awareness and emotional well-being in students from Eastern Europe and Western Europe. Social Science & Medicine 2001; 53: 1621-1630.
16. ***US Department of Health and Human Services, 2000. Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health, 2nd edition. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
17. Voigt K, et al. Consumption of alcohol, cigarettes and illegal substances among physicians and medical students in Brandenburg and Saxony. BMC health services research, 2009; 9(1): 219.
18. Rustagi N, Taneja DK, Mishra P, Ingle GK. Cardiovascular risk behavior among students of a medical college in Delhi. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine 2011; 36(1): 51.
19. Likus W, et al. Dietary habits and physical activity in students from the Medical University of Silesia in Poland. Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny 2013; 64(4): 317-324.
20. Sun J, et al. Factors associated with skipping breakfast among Inner Mongolia Medical students in China. BMC Public Health 2013; 13(1): 42.
21. Nola IA, et al. Differences in eating and lifestyle habits between first-and sixth-year medical students from Zagreb. Collegium antropologicum 2010; 34(4): 1289-1294.
22. Mani, G. Assessment of Body Mass Index and its Associated Nutritional Factors Among Undergrad-uate Medical Students in Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Pioneering Medical Sciences 2014; 4(3).
23. Steptoe A, Wardle J, Pollard TM, Canaan L, Davies GJ. Stress, social support and health-related behavior: a study of smoking, alcohol consumption and physical exercise. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 1996; 41(2): 171-180.
24. Hussain R, Guppy M, Robertson S, Temple E. Physical and mental health perspectives of first year undergraduate rural university students. BMC Public Health 2013; 13(1): 848.
25. Iorga M, et al. Factors influencing the level of depression among freshman nursing students. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2017; 121(4): 779-786.
26. Midtgaard M, Ekeberg Ø, Vaglum P, Tyssen R. Mental health treatment needs for medical students: a national longitudinal study. European Psychiatry 2008; 23(7): 505-511.
27. Yu Z, Tan M. Disordered eating behaviors and food addiction among nutrition major college students. Nutrients 2016; 8(11): 673.
28. Iorga M, et al. Eating disorders in relationship with dietary habits among pharmacy students in Ro-mania. Pharmacy 2018; 6(3): 97.
29. Iorga M, et al Screening the risk for eating disorders among medical dentistry students-a cross-sectional study. Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2019; 11(1): 102-110.
30. Haile YG, Alemu SM, Habtewold TD. Insomnia and its temporal association with academic performance among university students: a cross-sectional study. BioMed Research International, 2017; Article ID 2542367.
31. Veldi M, Aluoja A, Vasar V. Sleep quality and more common sleep-related problems in medical students. Sleep medicine 2005; 6(3): 269-275.
32. Adams KM, Kohlmeier M, Powell M, Zeisel SH. Nutrition in medicine: nutrition education for medical students and residents. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2010; 25(5): 471-480.
33. Danek RL, Berlin KL, Waite GN, Geib RW. Perceptions of nutrition education in the current medical school curriculum. Fam Med 2017; 49(10): 803-806.
34. Kushner RF, et al. Nutrition education in medical school: a time of opportunity. The American journal of clinical nutrition 2014; 99(5): 1167S-1173S.
35. Wiskar K. Physician health: A review of lifestyle behaviors and preventive health care among physi-cians. BC Med J 2012; 54(8): 419-423.
36. Frank E, Segura C, Shen H, et al. Predictors of Canadian physicians’ prevention counseling practices. Can J Pub Health 2010; 101: 390-395.
37. Frank E, Segura, C. Health practices of Canadian physicians. Can Fam Physician 2009; 55: 810-811.
38. Frank E, et al. Basic demographics, health practices, and health status of U.S. medical students. Am J Prev Med 2006; 31: 499-505.
39. Sebo P, Gallacchi MB, Goehring C, Künzi B, Bovier PA. Use of tobacco and alcohol by Swiss primary care physicians: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2007; 7(1): 5.
40. Hughes PH, et al. Prevalence of substance use among US physicians. Jama 1992; 267(17): 2333-2339.
41. Aach RD, Girard DE, Humphrey H, et al. Alcohol and other substance abuse and impairment among physicians in residency training. Annals of Internal Medicine 1992; 116(3): 245-254.
42. Fuchs CS, et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality among women. New England Journal of Medicine 1995; 332(19): 1245-1250.
43. Howard SK. Sleep deprivation and physician performance: Why should I care ? In Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings 2005; 18(2): 108-112.
44. Philibert I. Sleep loss and performance in residents and nonphysicians: A meta-analytic examination. Sleep 2005; 28: 1392-1402.
45. Nelson D. Prevention and treatment of sleep deprivation among emergency physicians. Ped Emerg Care 2007; 23: 498-503.
46. Minors DS, Waterhouse JM. Anchor sleep as a synchronizer of rhythms on abnormal routines. Int J Chronobiol 1981; 7: 165-188.
47. Thompson WT, et al. Challenge of culture, conscience, and contract to general practitioners’ care of their own health: Qualitative study. BMJ 2001; 323: 728-731.
48. Uallachain GN. Attitudes towards self-health care: A survey of GP trainees. Ir Med J 2007; 100: 489-491.
49. Chen JY, et al. Doctors’ personal health care choices: A cross-sectional survey in a mixed pub-lic/private setting. BMC Public Health 2008; 8: 183.
50. Rosvold EO, Tyssen R. Should physicians’ self-prescribing be restricted by law ? Lancet 2005; 365(9468): 1372-1374.
51. West CP, Shanafelt TD, Kolars JC. Quality of life, burnout, educational debt, and medical knowledge among internal medicine residents, JAMA 2011; 306: 952-960.
52. Dyrbye LN, et al. Relationship between burnout and professional conduct and attitudes among US medical students. JAMA 2010; 304: 1173-1180.
53. Dyrbye LN, et al. Burnout and suicidal ideation among U.S. medical students. Ann Intern Med 2008; 149: 334-341.
54. Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP. Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual. Calif Consulting Psycholo-gists Press 3rd edition Palo Alto, 1996.
55. Alexandrova-Karamanova A, et al. Burnout and health behaviors in health professionals from seven European countries. International archives of occupational and environmental health 2016; 89(7): 1059-1075.
56. Demir A, Ulusoy M, Ulusoy MF. Investigation of factors influencing burnout levels in the professional and private lives of nurses. International journal of nursing studies 2003; 40(8): 807-827.
57. Iorga M, et al. Factors influencing burnout syndrome in obstetrics and gynecology physicians. BioMed Res Internat, 2017: ID 9318534.
58. Iorga M, Dondas C, Ioan BG, Petrariu FD. The contribution of alexithymia to burnout in forensic physicians. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2016; 120(4): 900-908.
59. Iorga M, Soponaru C, Ioan B. The burnout syndrome of forensic pathologists. The influences of personality traits, job satisfaction and environmental factors. Rom J Leg Med. 2016; 24(4): 325-332.
Published
2019-12-29
Section
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE - LABORATORY
COPYRIGHT
Once an article is accepted for publication, MSJ requests a transfer of copyrights for published articles.
COPYRIGHT TRANSFER FORM FOR
REVISTA MEDICO-CHIRURGICALĂ A SOCIETĂȚII DE MEDICI ȘI NATURALIȘTI DIN IAȘI /
THE MEDICAL-SURGICAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF PHYSICIANS AND NATURALISTS FROM IASI
We, the undersigned authors of the manuscript entitled
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
warrant that this manuscript, which is submitted for publication in the REVISTA MEDICO-CHIRURGICALĂ, has not been published and it is not under consideration for publication in another journal.
- we give the consent for publication in the REVISTA MEDICO-CHIRURGICALĂ, in printed and electronic format and we transfer unconditioned and complete the copyright of this manuscript to the REVISTA MEDICO-CHIRURGICALĂ, in the event of its acceptance.
- the manuscript does not break the intellectual property rights of any other person.
- we have read the submitted version of the manuscript and we are fully responsible for the content.
Names and signatures of authors / copyright owners (the following sequence is the authorship of the article):
- ______________________________/_________________________
- ______________________________/_________________________
- ______________________________/_________________________
N.B. All the authors must sign this form
