A FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF MINI-IMPLANT EFFECTS ON THE PERIODONTIUM: FROM BIOMECHANICAL SIMULATION TO ORAL HEALTH AND MENTAL WELLBEING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22551/MSJ.2025.04.15Abstract
Mini implants are widely used as temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in orthodontics, providing stable and minimally invasive anchorage. However, excessive or misdirected stresses at the bone-implant interface may compromise periodontal integrity and long-term success. To assess stress distribution and bone deformation around orthodontic mini implants under varying insertion angles and load magnitudes using finite element analysis (FEA), and to explore their clinical and wellbeing implications. Materials and methods: A 3D FEA model was developed in SolidWorks, based on CBCT data and manufacturer specifications for a titanium mini implant (8×1.7 mm). The bone model consisted of 2 mm cortical and 8 mm trabecular bone layers. Simulations were performed for insertion angles of 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° under para-axial forces of 1 N and 5 N. Stress and deformation were evaluated using the von Mises criterion. Results: The highest stress values were recorded at the implant-cortical bone interface, particularly at 90° insertion, and increased with load magnitude. Stress rose from 27 MPa at 1 N to 266 MPa at 5 N, while bone deformation ranged from a few to several tens of micrometers. Insertion geometry and loading intensity significantly influence the biomechanical behavior of peri-implant bone. Moderate insertion angles (45-60°) ensured a more balanced stress distribution and greater stability. Conclusions: Finite element modelling supports personalized, safe, and psychologically comfortable orthodontic treatments, linking biomechanical precision with oral and mental wellbeing.
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